Abbott: Global BMI Standards May Underestimate Health Risks in Certain Ethnic Groups

Abbott Laboratories is drawing attention to the limitations of traditional body mass index (BMI) classifications, suggesting they may underestimate health risks in certain ethnic populations. Research indicates that individuals of South Asian descent often have a higher percentage of body fat and increased abdominal fat, even at BMIs considered normal by global standards, leading to elevated risks for conditions like diabetes and heart disease.

Studies reveal that South Asians tend to carry more body fat and visceral fat compared to other ethnic groups, even within the same BMI range. This physiological difference contributes to a disproportionately higher prevalence of obesity-related health issues, including type 2 diabetes, which can be up to 5.3 times more common. Cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as high blood pressure and cholesterol, may also manifest at lower BMIs in this population.

The company emphasizes that adopting a more inclusive approach to health assessments is crucial. This involves recognizing that what constitutes a healthy weight can vary ethnically. Consequently, some health guidelines are proposing lower BMI thresholds for overweight and obesity classifications for South Asians, with overweight potentially starting at a BMI of 23 and obesity at 27.5.

Beyond BMI, Abbott suggests that a comprehensive health evaluation should include other parameters like waist circumference and lipid profiles to accurately gauge individual risk. These adjustments are vital for appropriate medical interventions, including potential modifications in drug dosages for conditions where fat storage and distribution play a significant role in metabolism.