IFEMEDI GmbH Explains Migraine Causes and Symptoms

An estimated eight million people in Germany suffer from migraine, with women being disproportionately affected. Despite its prevalence, many patients become resigned and cease seeking medical help. Migraine, a condition with a long history dating back to antiquity, often involves a prolonged period of suffering before diagnosis.

Historically, migraine has been recognized for millennia. It was described as early as 3500 BC, and the Greek physician Galen termed it 'hemicrania' in the 2nd century AD, translating to 'half of the head.' Historical figures such as artist Wilhelm Busch and scientist Charles Darwin are believed to have experienced migraines. Today, approximately 12 percent of the German population experiences regular migraine attacks, yet the condition remains subject to misconceptions and stigma.

A migraine attack often begins subtly with a prodromal phase, which can include mood swings, fatigue, yawning, or changes in appetite. This is followed by the headache itself, typically pulsating and often unilateral, though it can affect the entire head. Some individuals experience an aura preceding the headache, manifesting as visual disturbances like flashing lights or zigzag lines, or sensory disturbances such as tingling.

The intensity and duration of the headache vary significantly, but it characteristically worsens with physical activity. Common accompanying symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and hypersensitivity to light and sound, often leading patients to seek darkness and quiet. A recovery phase can follow the headache, lasting several days.

Migraine triggers are individual and vary from person to person. While not the underlying cause of the disease, identifying and avoiding these triggers can aid in managing attacks. IFEMEDI GmbH aims to provide information and foster understanding of this complex disorder.