Indian Regulator Proposes Framework for Direct-to-Device Satellite Connectivity

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has released recommendations for a new authorization framework that would allow satellite network providers to offer direct-to-device (D2D) services. By permitting compatible smartphones to connect directly to satellites, the policy aims to bridge the gap in mobile coverage for remote or underserved regions.

Under the proposed Satellite Communication Network (SCN) Provider Authorisation, satellite operators will be able to build network infrastructure and sell capacity to existing telecom service providers. The framework prevents satellite firms from acting as direct retailers to end-users, requiring them to operate through partnerships with licensed mobile operators. These partnerships would allow for the integration of satellite connectivity into existing mobile spectrum portfolios.

TRAI has outlined two distinct routes for deployment: using spectrum specifically reserved for satellite services or leveraging spectrum already assigned to terrestrial mobile operators. While this proposal offers a path for companies like Starlink, Eutelsat OneWeb, and Reliance Jio, the recommendations still await final approval from the Indian government.

Should the proposal be implemented, the authorization will remain valid for up to 20 years. Financial structures include an 8% adjusted gross revenue (AGR) fee for SCN providers, while those utilizing an operator's existing mobile spectrum for D2D services would face no additional spectrum charges beyond existing obligations.