Measles Facts: Contagiousness, Symptoms, and Prevention

Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that spreads rapidly through respiratory droplets. The disease can cause severe health issues, complications, and even death, particularly affecting children under five and adults over 30.

The virus transmits through the air and on surfaces, with up to 90% of unvaccinated individuals becoming infected upon exposure. Symptoms include high fever, cough, runny nose, and a body-wide rash. Severe complications, such as pneumonia, encephalitis, hearing loss, and blindness, occur in approximately 20% of children. Measles can also weaken the immune system for extended periods.

There is no specific cure for measles, but supportive care, including hydration and vitamin supplements (especially Vitamin A), can be administered. Prevention through vaccination is crucial. Two doses of the measles vaccine provide 99% protection, often offering lifelong immunity.

Individuals suspecting a measles infection should contact a healthcare provider immediately. The WHO European Region aims to eliminate measles by achieving and maintaining vaccination coverage of at least 95%, strengthening surveillance, and responding promptly to outbreaks.