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Nokia Bell Labs Publishes Study on Rigid Disks

Nokia Bell Labs has released a scientific publication examining the equation of state and short-range order in two-dimensional systems of rigid disks.

13 July 2026
Nokia Bell Labs Publishes Study on Rigid Disks
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Espoo – Nokia Oyj announced the publication of a research paper from Nokia Bell Labs that investigates the equation of state and the three-particle distribution function for classical rigid disks in two-dimensional systems.

The publication, originally dated July 1, 2000, explores the construction of the triangle distribution function, f((3)), for rigid disk systems. This function describes short-range order and statistical thermodynamics in two-dimensional many-particle systems. The paper presents several identities obeyed by f((3)).

The article introduces a closure calculation based on scaled-particle theory. In conjunction with basic identities, this approach leads to a unique f((3)) across the entire density range. The pressure equation of state is shown to exhibit qualitatively correct behavior in both low-density and close-packed limits.

The research further discusses extensions to improved disk closures and the analogous three-dimensional rigid-sphere system. The publication offers theoretical insights into many-particle systems.

Original source: nokia.com