Studded winter tires cause more harm than good, study finds
Research from Chalmers University of Technology suggests that studded winter tires lead to more deaths and health impacts than they prevent over their entire lifecycle.
A 2018 study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology indicates that the widespread use of studded winter tires may result in more lives lost than saved when considering their full lifecycle impact. The research, conducted by Anna Furberg, Sverker Molander, and Rickard Arvisson, analyzed the public health consequences associated with studded tires.
The study estimated that while studded tires save between 60 and 770 life-years in Sweden, they simultaneously cause a loss of 570 to 2200 life-years. The primary source of these negative impacts is road wear and the subsequent emission of particles into the atmosphere.
In addition to road wear, the research factored in the health impacts of cobalt mining, a crucial component in tire studs. Small-scale mining operations, in particular, are associated with significant accidents and fatalities and are linked to ongoing conflicts in regions like the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Chalmers researchers pointed out that the benefits of studded tires are largely confined to Scandinavia, while nearly a third of the negative health effects are experienced globally. "This is a clear illustration of what globalized production can result in," stated Professor Sverker Molander.
The study, published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, suggests that non-studded winter tires, combined with careful driving and alternative transportation methods, could serve as a viable alternative. Further research into alternative tire solutions that mitigate these health issues is also recommended.